Author of “The Practice Manual – The Ultimate Guide for Golfers” – an international best-selling golf book in 5 countries, and featured on The Golf Channel. Adam is a truly holistic golf coach, seeing the game as more than the sum of its parts.
Hi ronals how you doing can you hear me okay yeah I hear you great how you doing I’m very well thank you uh I’m thinking whether you are able to share your screen I’ll quickly uh you can try now here so we had this as a as a video right yeah
Yeah uh so we play the pre-recorded presentation uh so uh yeah maybe just a couple words about Adam uh just as introduction so he’s an excellent golf Coach and he’s uh really focused on impact as the key moment in the golf swing so the whole presentation will be
Also about impact and Adam is also the author of a bestselling book practice manual ultimate guide for golfers uh so uh be sure to check that out as well so we’ll do similar Illy as Tyler we’ll do uh first a presentation that’s prepared by Adam and then we’ll be accepting Q&A
Uh any any questions from the audience so uh my my colleague Martins will actually uh play the video uh he he’s got it so you can Adam uh sit back and uh check out if there are any questions coming in and maybe thinking about potential answers already in the Q&A section okay yeah
Hello and welcome to the hack motion presentation on impact laws by Adam Young golf which is me um so there are seven impact laws so impact is the most important part of the golf swing and I have a little animation here showing that that so this is a club coming into
Impact so the impact interval is a brief moment in time so it’s around about half an inch or so this little space where the club is connected to the golf ball and during that time every little bit of information that the ball needs to know to determine where it flies how high it
Flies spin rate launch angle everything like that so whether your ball curves or not whether it lands on the target it’s all down to this impact interval that’s why I call it the most most important part of the golf swing so there are seven things within that impact interval that are important
To know and one of them is face strike so that’s where you hit on the face whether toe or heel or Center there’s ground contact as well so whether you’re hitting the ground fat or thin or just right there’s face Direction so that’s the orientation of the face in 3D by the
Way I will be going through these a little bit more detail so don’t worry that you’re not um getting all this information instantly and it’s not absorbing so I I’ll help you absorb it there’s swing path as well so that’s whether the club is moving more left or right through
Impact and uh there’s Club speed so that’s how fast the club is moving through impact there’s angle of attack whether the club is moving up or down or level through impact and then the dynamic Loft so that’s the Loft that you are presenting at impact so all of these
Things basically create the ball flight and hence the result and uh I just go through those again you can see little images of them on the right hand side there that correlate with the the points on the left so let’s go into them let’s go into face strike first so face strike
We call this The Sweet Spot or that’s the ideal the lower image there trying to hit that sweet spot so with an eye and it’s relatively low on the face um on the upper image there you see a heel or dare I say it even a shank contact so
You know we categorize shots as sweet spot or toe or heel and then they can have different of uh different severities of those so when you miss The Sweet Spot you’re going to get some twisting in the club lots of people will say I’m letting go of the club or if you
Ever feel a lot of vibration if it just doesn’t feel great you’ve basically missed the center you’ve missed The Sweet Spot and it’s caused by or the the simplest explanation of what a Miss is is whether the club is coming closer to you through impact or farther from you
So whether it’s brushing the ground closer to your feet or farther from your feet that’s a real simplistic way of looking at it and then obviously there’s a big difference between professionals and amateurs here not only on the uh the location of the strike but the
Consistency of it as well so in terms of um seeing some of the club twist this is an interesting visual here this is a heel strike so the club is coming in at about 100 mph or so and struck the heel and you’ll see the club twist Clos look
How dramatic that is there so you’ll often feel that as vibration and uh the opposite is true this is a toe contact so when the club comes in and hits the toe side of the club that will twist the club open again you’ll feel that as vibration and these things they cause
Differing ball flights you’ll get the ball it’ll start more left or right we’ll go through which ones which and it’ll also have some what we call gear effect which will create some different spins with longer or bigger headed clubs so this is the simplest visual for
It this is how I explained it to my pupils you know if you strike The Sweet Spot the path of your Club is running through the center of the ball or the path of your sweet spot is running through the center of the ball now in a
Toe contact the path of your Club is basically just too close to you again I know lots of people think well yeah this is obvious but lots of people don’t think of it in these terms and then a heal shot or even a shank shot I’m not
Frightened to say it I know it puts the fear in some of you but that’s where the club is traveling on a path that’s basically just too far away from you it’s not the direction of the path lots of people think oh I shank it cuz I come
Out to in or in to out it’s not the direction of the path it’s just more the location whether it’s farther away from you like on that blue line or closer to you on that red line so face stride what does it cause well it causes twisting
We’ve seen that uh it also causes loss of distance especially with irons I mean clubs are become more forgiving but it’s still going to cost a lot a lot of distance when you miss the sweet spot um at the extreme ends you’re going to get disaster shots whenever someone shoots
One 90° right or left then those are typically going to be toe or heel Shanks uh even with the driver even if you don’t hit it extremely off the toe of the heel it’s still going to cause different launch directions you can see by that upper image there um you can see
That because of the Bulge of the club face you’ll see that clubs are not completely flat or at least the drive is not completely flat it has some curvature to the face and so if you hit on the toe that act that part of the face actually points more to the right
And the heel part of the club points more to the left so it’s going to create different launch directions if you strike it on the toe it’s typically going to cause the ball to start more to the right and then we get gear effect as
Well CU that club is twisting as it’s in contact with the golf ball that causes a gear effect you know it’s like it’s like the club and the the ball are gears and they’re they’re um rotating in opposite direction so as that club twists open for example in a toe shot that actually
Creates hook spin on the ball which is really counterintuitive and you can see that on the bottom image there if you hit more in the green area you’ll tend to get more draw more hook spin or less slice if you’re typically a slicer and then the reverse will be true as well if
You hit it on the heel it’s going to fade more uh or have less of a hook shot and it can also change the spin rates of shots as well you typically see when players hit it on the toe especially high toe it tends to drop the
Spin rate and low heel tends to increase the spin rate so if ever I’m hitting shots and I see my spin rate jump up into the 3000s which is very high for me I know where I’ve Struck it on the face it’s typically low on heel when that
Happens now what is face strike caused by what are we doing that can create it well there are lots of factors but um at the very basic level the starting position so whether you start more on the toe and heel all else being equal say you were a robot an iron Byron swing
Um or the Ping robot if you were to move it and set it up more on the toe and make it make the exact same swing and then the next one you set the ball up on the heel and you make the exact same swing you’re going to change the face
Strike uh human element means that we don’t do that you know if I ask a 100 real golfers to set up more out the toe they don’t all hit out the toe because we have perceptions as well which is an important part but um yeah starting
Position is an influence on it but the biggest influence is hand location in space so if your hands this this relates to the upper image there if your hands return at impact closer to the golf ball and this could be anywhere in the yellow Direction so that could
Either be moving out away from your body or even if they move down towards the ground that is effectively moving them towards the golf ball so your hands again closer to the golf ball and hence the heel of the club can get closer to the golf ball so any of those yellow
Directions are going to encourage more of a heel contact and the opposite would be true if you move in the red Direction so up away from the golf ball either up vertically away from the ground or towards your thighs uh that can create more toe shots so hands getting farther
Away from the ball toe shots hands getting closer to the ball through the swing more heel shots the other thing relating to the bottom image there is uh Al radial deviation so this is something hack motion measures so all else being equal if you were to return your hands
Are the exact same position at impact but you were in more alna uh which is the red one there so you’re coming in more um you shaft more vertical that would tend to create more fat shots or more toe shots and the reverse would be true if you’re in more
Radial that’s going to create more heal contacts cu the club is moving up and out through impact and Radial relates to the yellow line in the bottom image there so the second impact variable ground contact so we see the images on the right there of um players striking
With similar consistency so you know their range of ground contacts is the same but the bottom image is better you know that farthest back ground contact and farthest forward they’re in optimal places whereas the top IM image you can see the play is hitting a little behind
On average a little maybe an inch farther back than the bottom image so I mean this relates to shots hit from the ground so we’re after that ball then Turf strike and there are two factors involved with this there’s low Point position and there’s Arc depth as well
Both of those influence ground contact location this is probably the biggest difference between pros and amateurs as well as the quality of ground strike so here we see an image little animation of a club coming down into impact and the club is still traveling down as it strikes the ball the ball
Leaves away leaves slides away then it uh it re reaches a low point of the swing before traveling back up and I’ve just placed the ball back into that image so you can see where the low point is relative to the golf ball so again this is for iron shots struck off the
Ground or even some Fairway words hybrids anytime your ball is resting on the ground so here we see this is a low Point that’s in front of the ball now you can see this can actually still create a fat shot because the arc is too deep into
The ground so imagine it as a hoola hoop and the hula hoop is basically just too deep into the ground and that changes low Point location oh sorry ground contact location you can see this a long way behind the ball here if you were to raise that hula hoop up out of the
Ground so it’s digging less deep it creates a ground contact that’s farther forwards so you can see the old transparent one causing a fat shot and the new opaque one causing a proper ball then Turf contact and they’re effectively the same low Point location you can see the black line the lowest
Point of that Arc the lowest point of the hula hoop is in both cases in front of the ball it’s just the depth that’s changed so we want to be able to monitor or control both the location of the low point and the depth that we go through as well
So ground contact causes distance loss if you if you do it in the wrong place you know if you miss the ground completely we create a thin shot uh which can actually create distance gain if you got a wedge in your hand but typically it’s going to cause distance
Loss when you miss The Sweet Spot um and obviously if you hit the ground early you’re going to lose a lot of Smash Factor so that ball comes off dead doesn’t go as far and hitting as little as 1 in behind the ball depending how wet the turf is is going to cause
Significant issues 2 Ines behind that’s just going to go basically nowhere so there’s distance inconsistency as well Pros are very good at contacting ball first then Turf and so that’s why they get the distance control very good um spin launching consistency as well so very important with wedges you know if
You suffer with distance control issues could be that your ground contact is poor is inconsistent because when you get GR or mud trap between the club face and the ball the ball comes off with different speeds different frictions so the spin rate changes and so Pros are exceptionally good at at uh ground
Contact you know ball end Turf contact which you know relates to those consistent spins and launches that the ball has and then it it looks at high and low strikes on the face as well so tends to be that if you hit it fat if you hit the ground early you’ll strike
It higher on the face and obviously if you strike the ground uh too far in front or not at all then you’re going to hit it lower on the face thin and so that’s a good proxy that’s a good way of determining where you struck the ground
Use a bit of face spray foot spray on the club face and you can see where your strike is on the club face and you can determine ground contact a lot from that it’s the leading cause of Strokes lost as well for amateurs like I said if you
Hit 2 in behind that Ball’s going nowhere you immediately have to hit another shot to get to the green again so uh ground contact is caused by uh the easiest way of thinking about this is anything that drops your hands closer to the ground or the ball is going to
Create more of a fat shot so if your hands through the swing if they start in X location if you look at that top image there if they start in the middle of that X and throughout the swing something causes them to move down or even out or some combination of those
You’re effectively moving the hands closer to the ball and they can that can cause a fat shot and the reverse will be true anytime your hands move farther from the ball through the swing so up in the yellow directions that’s going to create more of a thin contact and the
Other one so this is something hack motion measures is the alar radial so if you move your hands if you if you drop the club more um into a steeper position more into the red position through impact so you’re basically adding more vulner through impact then that can
Cause fat shots as well as toe shots and if you move more into radial or if you have more radial at impact all else being equal you’ll tend to hit more heel or low on the face so more thin contacts ground contact so that last slide looks very much to Arc depth but
This looks at low Point location as well I said there are two factors that are involved in ground contact so with low Point location we have ball position could be a factor you can have early release so if you’re releasing if you’re moving towards nna uh or and or
Extension of the wrist too early before impact then you’re going to move the low point back and that’s going to create uh it can influence fat shots or the verse could be true as well weight location so you can see on the the bottom image here the bottom two images on the left
I’ve got my weight more behind the golf ball kind of if you if you’re doing a driver that’s going to encourage more fat shots and on the right I’ve got my weight much more in front of the golf ball that’s going to encourage more thin shots or the ground contact being
Farther forwards not saying either of those images are good positions I’m just demonstrating the extremities um on the top images as well the top two that that relates to the second point there of the releas so on the left the top left image that’s an early release so something I look at
On video is where the club lines up with the lead forearm so you can see it happening early here and on the right it’s happening much later so that would equate to a ground contact that’s farther forwards also swing Direction has an influence on low Point location the more
We swing to the left or out to in uh that tends to move the ground contact forwards the more we swing in out that tends to move the ground contact farther back all else being equal face direction is another impact factor so face Direction relates to or
Is the 3D orientation of the club face and there are two components to that there’s the Leading Edge orientation that’s how most people think of it there’s also the LI angle that relates to face contact from a 3D perspective we’ll have a look at that and face Direction affects the end direction of
The shot so this image here looks at you know a club coming in impact and we can see the Leading Edge here this is a swing path for the club face sorry this going a little quick I’ll I’ll rewind it so if the club face is square here the launch shot shot is
Going to be square and as the club face opens that will tend to start the ball more to the right it’ll also have some spin to the right so that’s Leading Edge that’s how typically most people think of Club face Direction but we also have
The um the LI angle of the club so say you take a li angle like this and the club face is square you can see I’ve got a little magnetic tool that sticks to the face and you can see that’s pointing at the flag there well if we were to get
The club more upright like this so say we went into more nna through impact and we get the stand the club up so the club is coming tow down or the shaft is going more vertical you can see how that opens the face it points the face more to the
Right or the 3D component of the face goes more to the right and the reverse is true if you go more toe up or the shaft is much flatter then that’s going to point the face more to the left so Club face has a big influence on the start Direction it’s equates to
About 70 75% or more or less in some cases between let’s just say between 60 and 90% of the start Direction and it’s the biggest influence on the end result as well much more influential than the path of the club it also influences the curvature when you look at path or face
To path so we’ll talk about path in a moment um as you open or close the face it also affects the spin Loft so you’ll find that as you open the face you get higher and weaker shots with lots of spin as you close the face you tend to
Del lofted as well and you can get lower hooky shots that curve a lot more has lower lower back SP SP rate and uh it even has a small influence on face strike if all has been equal the club face that’s more closed will tend to strike more towards the toe and vice
Versa now face direction is caused by what do we do to change it well grip is an influence on it usually uh most players if you give them a stronger grip position where their hands are turned more to the right on the club for a right-handed golfer they will tend to
Close the face more and vice versa uh radial and Elna so if we look at the image of tiger there on the top so if you are in more radial at impact so say your Club is coming in more on the yellow line so coming in flatter that’s
Going to close the face and make the the face more to the left as we saw in that image earlier and in more nner impact is going to open the face or point it more to the right that’s the red line so Li angles are important as well
If your clubs are too much tow Downer impact just just because the Club Fit is poor you know it might not be a technique thing it might not be the Elna or radial uh it might be a technique uh sorry a Club Fit thing then that can
Affect it more toe down points the face more to the right more toe up points the face more to the left so it’s important to get your clubs fit for you and uh Club face Direction a big one is flexion and extension towards the top
Of the swing or all the way down to about last last parallel shaft last last parallel before impact so it tends to be if you’re in more flexion lead wrist flexion that tends to be more of a face closing move uh whereas players were in more extension that tends to be a face
Opening move and then there’s superation at the bottom of impact or as hack motion measures it rotation so that’s how much your lead forearm is rotating through impact that is going to be a a face Clos move if you have more superation all else being equal that’s going to close
The face more and vice versa so those are the big three that we’ve talked about so far face strike ground contact and then face direction if you can get those three correct that’s going to solve 90 95% of your issues so I call those the big three for
A reason now the other impact factors path club path uh this is the directional movement whether the club is moving left left or right through impact or we call it in out or out in you can see an image of an in out swing path
Here uh that that one or out in is when your Club swings to the left through impact if you’re a right-handed golfer and then we can have a neutral path as well and this is created by both swing Direction and where the ball is located on the arc I’ll explain those in a
Little bit more detail in a moment so here’s just a a visual of a square swing path you can see the club coming in through impact you’ll see even with a square swing path there is some curvature to it um the path is not completely straight it’s just at the
Moment of impact here that’s when the club is moving towards the target so it’s it doesn’t stay straight through the entire swing it does curve around our body o sorry you don’t need to see that part here’s a uh just a little bit of of a messy image but you
Can see in blue this is an inside or right swing path into to out and in red if you taking a red path that would be class as an outside left or out in swing path so the club path is caused by you know where the ball is positioned on the
Ark as well so this you can see the arc here of the club head imagine you’re looking down at the ground uh if your ball were placed farther back in that Arc more in the yellow area area then the path is going to be more to the
Right and even for the exact same swing if you place the ball more forward in the stance or you know ahead of that uh black line there somewhere on the the pinky area of the Ark the path is more to the left the club will be moving more
To the left so even with the same swing you can create different paths just by having the ball in uh different locations on that Ark and we also have hand path as a a very big influence on club path so here imagine you’re looking down at the ground you can see the ball
On the ground you can see your feet and this is your left hand coming in well if your left hand were coming in more on the yellow arrow that would create create a more inout or rightward swing path as well with the club and all else being equal if your hands were
Coming in more on the red path so your hand path was more out in then the club path would tend to be more out in and again all else being equal so Hand path is a very big influence on club path in terms of wrist angles um early
Superation of oh sorry I’ve jumped ahead a point here but uh early superation um that can create a tipping over of the club so it can create a steepening of the club so if you straight out of the gate from the top of the Swing you’re really rotating or um super nating the
Forearm early that can cause the the club to tip over and cause the path to be more to the left and vice versa um but from another point of view some something I look at with wrist angles when a player has a faulty path usually they’re trying to compensate for a
Faulty face angle and so you know the easiest example of this is players who have wrist angles that create open faces faces that point to the right they’ll tend to want to swing to the left to compensate for that that’s why they slice it so um you know whenever I see a
Path that’s going to the left usually I try and fix the face first so I look at things like flexion extension superation at the bottom as well so anything that opens the face tends to make players encourages them to self-organize movement more to the left with the path and vice
Versa with Club speed that’s the speed of the club at impact Captain Obvious this big relationship with distance Captain Obvious again it’s not a onetoone relationship with with distance though you know I don’t have as much Club speed as a lot of players I play with but I hit it farther than them
Because I’m more efficient you know I strike it more on the center I launch the ball better uh than a lot of my playing Partners so it’s not the only thing that relates to distance but is a big factor to distance um it also relates to Peak height as well if you
Make the exact same swing the same technique uh but one club is moving faster that faster Club the ball will reach a higher Peak height it’ll have a higher spin rate it’ll have a steeper Landing angle so it’s easier to stop the ball on uh hard and fast greens and even
Influences accuracy in terms of if you say you’re going to 150 yards Target and you’ve got a very slow player who’s having to hit a Hybrid in there and then you got someone with a lot of speed who’s hitting a wedge in there well the player who’s hitting the wedge in is
Going to be more accurate because there’s more spin Loft with the wedge so any errors they make left or right with the club face being too open or closed um is not going to produce as much of a lateral error so speed is valuable obviously for distance but also helps
With accuracy as well there’s a very big correlation with handicap level and speed and this is taken from the trackman blog performance the average male golfer There’s the link the um the source SED at the bottom there if you want to view that in more detail but you
Can see the plus five handicap is on average they shooting 110 with a club speed and uh if you’re 95 mph you’re looking about a 10 handicap obviously that’s not um you know hard and FAS R it’s just a general Trend towards those things but yeah more speed helps you in
So many different ways there’s a big correlation with Strokes gained as well you know Mark bro has said that for every 20 yards you gain um I believe for the pros it equates to about 0.1 of a shot gained which doesn’t sound like much but if you hit your driver 14 times
In a round that’s 1.4 shots per round just by adding 20 yards or if you add 40 yards like Bryson did that’s close to three shots around you’re gaining which stacked up over a four four uh four round tournament is quite a lot it’s got almost six well it’s a lot of shots
Depend on how much you how many tournaments you’re playing and uh it’s very very valuable to hit the ball far um sorry for my inability to do quick math there got a little confused um so Club speed is caused by a lots of factors with it but Sasha McKenzie has
Said that the Dr Sasha McKenzie sorry very uh great biom mechanist has said the swing size or hand path length and the force along that hand path length are going to be the biggest correlators to distance and speed so things that can help you with that body turn obviously
If you have a bigger body turn hand path length so someone making a half swing versus a full swing the the full swing is going to hit it farther if they can you know continue to produce a lot of force along that hand path length uh and
Even wrist hinge as well so you looking at things like radial deviation at the top of the Swing you see these long drive Champions have really insane wrist hinge Ines at the top that allows the club head to swing a little farther so it’s accelerating over a longer period of time
Um and then just throwing wrist angles away through impact as well so allowing allowing the club to move into extension through impact uh sorry allowing the wrists to move into extension through impact allowing the ener to or to release into enna so releasing the radial deviation releasing towards enna
Through impact as well these are speed adders increases um you don’t want to hold on to the these angles you know something I was taught in the 990s when I was learning golf is you are hold on to lag for as long as possible and that’s a speed killer so it’s not about
Holding on to these angles it’s about releasing them but the point that you release them is important which is why something like hack motion is so so um really key to have as a feedback source is you can see that you are releasing them hard and where you’re releasing those angles as
Well and even parametric acceleration so that uh that visual I have on the right hand side there through impact I and uh all all good players are pulling very hard on the grip in the pink Direction and that actually creates a little water skier effect it’s like a little whip at
The bottom so the more you pull in the pink Direction the more the club head speeds up through impact and so we call that parametric acceleration um angle of attack angle of attack refers to the angle whether you’re Club is ascending or descending through impact so you see with a a
Driver in the top IM top image there um there’s an upward positive angle of attack so that is typically what you want to do with a driver and with an iron we have a negative or downward angle of attack so there is a difference between driver and irons you can have
Good drivers of the ball who hit down on it as well um but more efficient players in terms of distance tend to hit up on it more angle attack has a small small effect on the launch angle um but it has a good effect on spin Loft so spin loft
Is the difference between your Loft and the angle attack so that can improve things or increase things like smash Factor um and spin rate it can make those more optimal for distance it can improve compression effectively so here we have a a little visual of an iron
Coming in on a downward angle of attack again this is going super fast I’ll slow it down so this is a you know typical six degree I think downward angle of attack this would be steeper 8 to 10° and then this is shallower this is a zero angle attack you can probably just
About get away with that you’ll see if there’s anything behind the ball there you’re probably going to nip it if your ball’s in a divot or it’s going to hit a lot of grass behind it so zero angle of this attack tend not to be prevalent on
Tour we certainly don’t want to do what beginners do which is trying to hit up on it because you can see there’s ground in the way there you can’t hit up on a ball that’s resting on the ground not not by much anyway so angle of attack um it relates
Strongly to where on the arc the ball is struck so this is an arc showing the club head it it would be traveling down all the way until that black line and then after that point it would start to travel up and you can see the red arrow
There that the angle attack is steeper it’s more downwards that club is moving downwards more in the red part of the Ark as you approach the white part of the Arc or the bottom of the Ark that’s where the angle of attack is neutral or zero and then after that point the arc
Starts traveling up or the angle of attack would be more up in the blue part of the arc there so that’s why we tend to change ball positions with clubs as well we tend to have irons more back in the stance and woods more forwards because we’re trying to hit more up on
The woods so angle attack is caused by low Point location as I’ve said where you hit on the arc so that could be a product of ball position um weight position impact if your ball is back or your weight is forwards that’s going to create a steeper angle of attack and
Vice versa and release as well the release point if you have an earlier release that can create a shallower or even more positive angle of attack and if you have a later release of wrist angles that can create a more negative uh or more downward angle of attack and
Swing direction as well the more left you swing the more that low Point moves forwards and so that creates a steeper angle of attack that’s why slicers tend to suffer with steep angles of attack and drawers of the golf ball tend to be shallower because as you swing more to
The right the low Point moves back angle attack gets shallower I know this is a lot of information I’m summarizing like a lifetime’s worth of work into 40 minutes here so I see this as just a um just a summary of a lot a lot of things but uh
Hand path as well so you can see in that top image of tiger there the hand path is moving up through impact even though the club is moving down and the more the hands work up through impact the shallower the angle of attack will be and also swing plane so the bottom image
There of tiger so steeper swing planes and shallower swing planes will change the angle attack not as much as people think uh you can be very shallow with your swing plane and yet produce a very steep angle of attack someone like Garcia hitting a punch shot might be a good example of
That um so low Point position is more important to angle attack but swing plane does have an influence on it all else being equal a steeper swing plane you tend to see a higher rate of change in angle of attack um throughout the bag so angle of attack I’ve said it’s
Caused by an early release so on the left image there you see the angles of the wrist being released early which moves the low point back um so this could be if you have a weaker grip if you tend to be more weaker or neutral with the leftand grip then
You’re looking at moving a player who moves towards or is more extended with their lead rest through impact that is going to create a shallower angle of attack and vice versa uh if you’re more of a strong grip player then you’re looking more at how the ner or how you
Release towards Elna so a player who’s in more Elna through impact is going to be um is going to tend to have a shallow angle of attack so the last impact factor is dynamic Loft this is the loft of the club at impact so it’s created obviously
By Static Loft so if you have a wedge in your hand you make the exact same swing and then you move to a driver and make the exact same swing you’re going to have less Loft impact with the driver just because the club has less Loft but
Also shaft lean you know whether you’re leaning the shaft forwards or back at impact you can take the exact same club and hit a higher or lower shot with it just by changing shaan through either wrist mechanics body position or um even ball position lead deflection as well so
This goes into Club Fit that can change whether you hit it higher or lower so when you change the club shaft sometimes that will change the flight of the shot where you strike on the face can change the dynamic Loft as well so higher on the face tends to launch higher lower on
The face tends to launch lower with a driver cuz the the curve of the club face call that roll um and even opening or closing the Leading Edge so we’ve saw in the other videos that when you open the face when you point the face more to the right
Tends to increase the Loft and when you close the face more to the left for a right-handed golfer tends to uh lower the Loft so uh yeah this is just a little visual of the club coming in on a neutral angle of attack and this is the
Lost and yellow and so it affects the launch angle you know the two work together angle of attack and Loft work together to produce the ball launch in pink um but as you increase the as you increase the Loft the launch will go up and the ball tends to launch closer to
The Loft than it does to the angle of attack so you can see it’s uh what makes a ball go up basically is the loft of the club and here’s the image of a club face being closed and the the flight being low and then on the right the club face
Being open pointing more to the right and the the resulting Club face being higher though resulting Loft being higher so loft is caused by the low point being backwards or forwards so very similar to ground contact issue issues and uh angle attack issues as well so um a player super nating more as
Well so if you close the face or open the face as I showed you in the last image so more superation through impact is going to or a player that’s more supern is going to close the face that’s going to lower the Loft and vice versa and an earlier release of angle so
Moving from flexion towards extension it tends to be at impact if you’re in a more extended wrist position you’re going to launch the ball higher you’re going to have more LOF impact um and if you’re a player who’s very strong with their grip then being in more ner
Deviation at impact is going to increase the Loft more so there’s an extension for the weak grip you’d look at that as a as an in influence uh or nner if you have a stronger grip position but really it’s a combination of both of those things releasing those angles
Early so to summarize that I know it’s a lot of information as I’m going through it um you may have to watch this 10 times um but it’s it it’s a summary of a lot of factors I understand so there’s ground contact so where you contact the ground there’s face contact where you
Contact on the face and then this face direction if you were to take those three from this entire presentation it would be worth it so understanding that those are the three things that create most of your results so some feedback you can get on that you know where the
Ball goes directionally you can link that a lot the club face and you can say that all else being equal a club facer is more left will produce a result that’s more left a club facer is more right will produce a result there is more right uh you can look at face
Strike just by spraying the club face and then hit a shot so spray it with some Dr Charles foot spray hit a shot and then look at the ball Mark and you’ll be able to see whether it’s toe or heel and even the high and low
Component of that if it’s high on the face it signifies that you’ve hit the ground early if it’s low on the face it signifies you’ve hit either hit the ground too late or not not at all you haven’t dug in deep enough really then the other factors impact club path Club
Speed Anglo attack and dynamic Loft those are things that are really you know optimizing ball flight there so I’ve summarized all of golf into 40 odd minutes um some plugs if you want to explore these things deeper if you if you like that as a summary and
You want to go much more in depth into these things and understand like how to change them more um how to improve them then Adam Young golf is a place to go I’ve got a book there’s a bestseller on Amazon called The Practice manual and uh
I’ve got the strike plan that deals with face strike and ground contact and uh even some angle of attack stuff the accuracy plan if you suffer with missing left or right you know hook slices things like that the accuracy plan is a great thing for you the swing plan is
Just a a real mechanical nerd thing if you enjoy swing mechanics and you’d enjoy that and Next Level golf is really my my core product that’s the one that if you wanted to dive into I think I’ve got over 150 hours of content uh content in there so that would be my Flagship
Product there so uh yeah I think uh I’ve probably filled your all your heads up with so much information now it’s uh good to move on to some questions and you hear me okay yeah oh thanks Adam that was a great presentation uh hey great to see you uh
Yeah I I think uh that a lot of uh material to take in uh for the audience uh there are a couple questions coming in and uh since we spent quite a lot of time on on the presentation itself I think we won’t take as as many questions
For Tyler but uh one I think that’s interest interesting and probably most audience have this is uh how do you actually uh combine uh recommendations on how to improve uh both face strike location and face face Direction with hack motion so what are the ways that you can uh influence then flexion
Extension or radi alner to actually improve both the uh location and direction of the face that’s right yeah it’s really the the my whole philosophy in golf instruction is not really to work towards one specific model uh but to think of your existing swing and adding things to your existing swing
Depending on what you need so say for example someone is a slicer of the golf ball and they have a predominantly open face and they want to close the face then you would say well what are face closing moves and that could be I’ve taken some inspiration from Tyler here with a a
Spoon yeah so H you know if if you want to add something to a golfer to make the face more close it tends to be that stronger grip position so turning the hands more um more this way into a stronger position and a dress is going
Is going to help also you’re looking at the kind of the patterns of wrist flexion extension as well so you know if a player from the top if they if their pattern is to move towards extension in the down swing or even if they’re overly extended at the top of the Swing you
Could change the motion you could move it more towards flexion as they’re starting down so adding some flexion that’s going to help to close the face if you take a 100 golfers and you add more flexion either at just placing at the top of the Swing that’s how I
Personally do it I find it quite hard to move towards that motion but um I have some players who are very good at you know feeling that going from from an extended position and adding flexion as they start down that’s a big uh motion that helps to close the face then down
Towards the bottom of the Swing you know the amount of super nation that we have so all else being equal if you take every 100 golfers and you add more Super Nation at the bottom they’re going to tend to present the face more closed so
That’s those are the two big big ones I look at or three big ones the grip the starting position flection patterns or position at the top and then Super Nation at the bottom okay and uh there’s a question from David uh could you explain the theory the divot shows swing Direction
And not the club path right yeah actually um I did get a plate for this I don’t know if I’ll be able to do it on the Fly I don’t know how it will do but if you think of you know that from down the line the golf swing as a
Plane and that plane is like a plate right and it’s tilted in the golf swing and so what you find is that the direction that the plate is pointed this is called swing Direction okay that’s called swing Direction now the point or the the direction the club is moving as it’s in
Contact with the ball that’s called club path okay so swing direction is the direction of the plate club path is the direction the club is moving at impact now you’d think they’d be the same you would think they’d be the same but they’re not they can be slightly
Different and the best way of visualizing that is if I go to say a baseball swing so really horizontal here and you could imagine if I’m face on now at this point if the ball is if the ball is place too early in the AR that point
The club or the baseball bat is moving in a different position it’s moving out away from me whereas if we place the ball here at the very bottom of the arc it’s moving directly to my left and if we place the ball here later in the ark
It’s actually moving towards me so they can be moving even though the plate is in the same direction they can be moving at different points depending on where on that plate you’re hitting it’s a circle and then when you tilt that down here as the ball is hit earlier on the
Arc so say we’re hitting in this direction here making a Do swing like this this is going to be more down angle of attack and more out or more in out point it’s moving away from them and then as we if we were to hit on the
Upswing you know say we’re hitting a driver we’ve got the ball position for forwards in our stance that club is going to be moving more up and if we look at it from this Direction More in towards us to the left even with the same plate Direction so it is
Complicated it’s called DPL hopefully that helps at least start you on the track but um the divert is going to tend to show swing Direction much more because it tends to be that the divot is taken right at the bottom of the Swing so whichever direction that bottom of the
Swing is pointing is probably a good indicator of where the plate is pointing so that’s swing Direction however depending on whether the ark was hit before it or after or whether the ball was hit before that point or after it it can change the actual path now there is an a pretty
Easy rule you can follow with irons because we are striking on the downward part of the Ark with irons your path is always going to be more right more to the right of the divot okay so say you had a divot that is pointing absolutely dead on towards
Your target your divot is pointing straight very likely your path is in doubt and so I used to see this where you know I I hit a shot I’d look at my divot and I’d be like well my divot is straight but that ball is drawing how
Could that be well that makes sense when you put it in terms of a 3D geometry of of uh DPL it is a complicated topic I know um when trackman first came out out for example it took as instructors quite a while to separate the idea between the
Two so don’t if you didn’t get that don’t feel as if uh don’t feel bad about it it just takes a lot more digging into it so hopefully that answered the question yeah I I like the theme of using kitchen utensils and uh I I think
Uh we we need to either uh we’ll have to probably bring on a sponsor of these uh little metal things that you can like there mini clubs and stuff like that that will be the next our sponsor how does then question from Eric how does Li angle versus swing path affect ball
Flight when ball is above below feet right yeah so um because of the 3D nature of the of the face you know there’s there’s not just a an opening or closing of the Leading Edge as we’ve looked at but there’s also the Loft component and safer for example I’ll go
This way if I if I have a loft that’s pointing this way then as I change that as I change the LI angle it’s you know as we tend to go more upright with a club shaft you know moving more in this direction more towards Elna that’s going
To tend to open the face so Point The Loft more to the right um so yeah in terms of path path doesn’t necessarily have an effect on face um if anything you know they’re two separate variables so you can swing left with an open face and you can swing right with a
Closed face you can swing right with an open face as well you can swing left with a Clos and open face so you can have any combination of those but if I take a 100 golfers and I ask them all to swing more to the left it’ll tend to be
That they drag the face a little bit more to the left as well and you kind of have to test this a little to see what you are as a player because it’s not always a on toone relationship all right so say say for example I have 100 golfers and they’re
All perfectly neutral through impact so they their path is neutral their face is neutral uh so we wouldn’t really need to change them in that example but if I ask them all to swing more to the left say 10 degrees more to the left some people
Would also drag the face 10 degrees more left and they’d hit a left and other people would only drag the face maybe five degrees more left so it would start to fade a little bit more with that so you kind of have to test that on an individual level and see
Which one you are so that’s how um that’s how path can affect face I think that was the question and as I said with the oh in terms of Swing plane so you they were talking about how when the ball is above your feet and below your
Feet how that can affect the face angle well uh should should have had a little bit more room here um so when your ball is above your feet more that means the club shaft is going to be a little bit more flat like this and that’s going to point
The face more to the left so it tends to be when the ball is above your feet the ball will tend to hook more tend to start a little bit more left and uh maybe even hook a little bit more whereas when the ball is below our feet
We’re standing higher and we’re more into this position here so Club shaft is much more vertical maybe we’re in more ener address that’s going to actually point the face to the right but there is a limit to that as well because there’s a limit to how much our risk can go into
Ener in a in a golf swing you know usually we’re starting starting around about here and there’s a limit to how much we’re going to do that whereas when the ball is above our feet there’s almost no you know we’ve got much greater range of motion so say a ball
Was in a tree or something you know we can be up here we can change it a lot so um you can have much bigger left patterns when the ball is above your feet whereas when the below ball is below your feet it’s going to tend to go
More to the right but there’s a limit to that usually so hopefully answer the question yeah so I think that was a great answer uh I think we again we have more questions than we have time today uh so we can we’ll gather them up and
See if we can send them maybe to Adam for if for later answering uh so Adam thanks a lot again so if anybody’s interested Adam has online these uh resources available that you should check out uh the strike plan and a couple other ones that he mentioned in
The video and uh it’s really a great resource for all golfers to understanding better the impact laws yeah so Adam uh thanks a lot no thank you yeah then take care and see you then soon all right bye
